INSIDENSI PENYAKIT LAYU Sclerotium rolfsii PADA BEBERAPA VARIETAS KACANG TANAH DAN APLIKASI AGENS PENGENDALI HAYATI

Abstract

Plant diseases are an obstacle factor in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) productivity. Stem rot disease caused by soilborne fungus Sclerotium rolfsii in this research was conducted to study the effect of biocontrol agents. There are two trials were done in greenhouse and field respectively. In greenhouse, four groundnut varieties are planted in sterile soils in polybags, each polybags inoculated with S. rolfsii at a week before planting. Field trial is conducted at Jambegede experimental station in Malang district.  The trial is arranged in factorial split plot experimental design, with three replications. Main plot treatment is four varieties of groundnut, sub plot is several disease control treatments. The result of greenhouse trial is showed disease infection in all of groundnut varieties. Wilt disease symptoms is appeared firstly (days of incubation periode) in 21-28 days after planting. The incidence of disease reached 80-90% in 4-week-olds. In field experiment, the disease was reached 9.3-17.0% disease incidence. The the lowest disease incidence 9.3%, 10%, 10.7% respectively occurred in Hypoma 1, Takar, and Bima were applied by chemical fungicide. The application of fungicide (active ingredient is captan) is more effective against the disease compared with biological agents (Trichoderma sp. and P. fluorescens). Average of pods yield reached 1.47-3.78 t/ ha based on dry weight, with the lowest yield reached by Bima and the highest yield reached by Takar-1